Optimum Calcination Temperature In Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Photocatalyst Coating For Stain-Resistant Fabrics

Abstract

The utilization of wind energy in Indonesia is still low due to the average wind speed ranging from 3 m/s to 11 m/s making it the increasing demand for clothing has driven innovations to address the issue of dirt on clothes in a more practical and environmentally friendly manner. This study explores the use of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) as an anti-dirt agent on fabric through a photocatalytic coating process. TiO₂ was chosen for its photocatalytic properties, which can oxidize organic compounds into carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) when exposed to UV light. The fabric coating was carried out using a modified sol-gel method and tested at various calcination temperatures. The optimal result was obtained at a calcination temperature of 600°C, producing anatase crystals with the best photocatalytic properties. Fabric coated with TiO₂ showed the ability to degrade stains and kill bacteria after nine coating applications, ensuring an even distribution of TiO₂ particles. This study concludes that fabric coated with TiO₂ is effective in self-cleaning under UV exposure, offering an environmentally friendly solution suitable for application in sunlight-rich Indonesia.